{"id":170406,"date":"2025-11-06T11:41:02","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T09:41:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/"},"modified":"2025-11-06T11:41:02","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T09:41:02","slug":"from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bel.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/","title":{"rendered":"From Polytechnic through Dual to STEAM Training or \u201cOn Novel Innovation\u201d in Education"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Iliana Petkova,<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Iliyan Vassilev<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/str2025-5-3-fro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/str2025-5-3-fro<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><em>. <\/em>The Bulgarian education system has been under intense public scrutiny and been \u201cenjoying\u201d special attention from society since the fall of socialism in 1989. Several reforms have been implemented and continue to be made. Bulgarian education is being modernized gradually and purposefully. This is evident not only from the conditions in which the modern teacher works, but also from the new curricula that aim to equip Bulgarian students competent and ready for tomorrow. However, are these \u201cnew and innovative\u201d ideas, or are they merely recycled and rebranded versions of past concepts? Are they being refined and expanded upon, or simply repackaged under a modern \u201ceducational facades of pseudo-innovations\u201d? This article examines the essence of polytechnic education and traces the development of this concept to modern models of project-based learning, dual training, and STEAM education. The hypothesis is made that Bulgarian vocational education has always built upon the idea of the connection between theory and practice, and if, during the socialist system, the idea of polytechnicism linked education with production, now dual training is what provides personnel for various spheres of the economy, and in STEAM education, we rediscover the core principles of this long-standing idea.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> polytechnicism, dual education, STEAM education<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u201c<em>If we don&#8217;t know history, we are doomed to repeat it<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">George Santayana<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/bel.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Iliana Petkova, Iliyan Vassilev Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/str2025-5-3-fro Abstract. The Bulgarian education system has been under intense public scrutiny and been \u201cenjoying\u201d special attention from society since the fall of socialism in 1989. Several reforms have been implemented and continue to be made. Bulgarian education is being modernized gradually and purposefully. This is [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[]},"categories":[1],"tags":[14461,14462,14463],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>From Polytechnic through Dual to STEAM Training or \u201cOn Novel Innovation\u201d in Education - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"From Polytechnic through Dual to STEAM Training or \u201cOn Novel Innovation\u201d in Education - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Iliana Petkova, Iliyan Vassilev Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/str2025-5-3-fro Abstract. The Bulgarian education system has been under intense public scrutiny and been \u201cenjoying\u201d special attention from society since the fall of socialism in 1989. Several reforms have been implemented and continue to be made. Bulgarian education is being modernized gradually and purposefully. This is [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-06T09:41:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"14 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd\"},\"headline\":\"From Polytechnic through Dual to STEAM Training or \u201cOn Novel Innovation\u201d in Education\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-06T09:41:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-06T09:41:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/\"},\"wordCount\":3185,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"dual education\",\"polytechnicism\",\"STEAM education\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/from-polytechnic-through-dual-to-steam-training-or-on-novel-innovation-in-education\/\",\"name\":\"From Polytechnic through Dual to STEAM Training or \u201cOn Novel Innovation\u201d in Education - 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